" A number of recent American writings indicate that nostalgia for the small town need not be construed as directed toward the town itself: it is rather a "quest for community" (as Robert Nisbet puts it) -- a nostalgia for a compassable and integral living unit"
--Max Lerner,
America as a Civilization, 1957--
In our "quest for community", we must first understand the context of the American society and the developments of suburban life. Through these developments, we are able to create a third realm, known as the "Great Good Place". One of the main developments in the suburban life was the automobile, which was created shortly after World War II. The type of environment gave a sense of safety and order. However, the missing element was community, which is needed to give individuals a sense of place and belonging. Although the intention of the typical suburban home was to offer rural and urban life, it separated the individual's world.
When one looks at the American society compared to another society, several realizations can be made. For example, in Los Angeles, people are less likely to leave their homes because of the distance they must travel to reach a destination. Then, look at Vienna, traveling outside of the home is not prearranged and more convenient. The convenience comes because of the proximity of places in relation to the residential areas. The example of Los Angeles and Vienna shows that more community interaction is needed in order to reduce the effects of the evolving suburban development.
As the suburban developments continue evolving, there is less life outside the house than before in addition to a substitution of views from ideal home to ideal city. People are being taught to place personal preferences above the public good. Tract housing, which promotes community life, can also be disappointing because it requires great efforts by a single individual and depends on good relationships within households.
According to Sennet's observations, Americans lack the third realm of satisfaction and social cohesion. We are focused more on two realms: home and work. These two activities develop a pattern to life, making individuals want to retreat back to their homes in the evening away from everyone else. I see this as a true design problem that we as interior designers, architects, urban planners, and other design professions should seek to address. Because this community is inefficient, relationships are suffering because of this lifestyle. According to Oldenburg, this suffering with relationships has caused America to lead the world in the rate of divorce. So one may ask ,how do we create that third realm?
Some elements that are important in creating the third realm are setting standards for the informal public life. The people of the community should focus on the future as opposed to the past. Public spaces should be the grounds for presence of all people, which includes all races, ethnicities, ages, economic influences, etc. Streets should be focused on both pedestrian and vehicular use. In order for daily life to be fulfilling and relaxing, three realms must be present. The first realm is domestic, the second realm is gainful or productive, and the third realm is sociable.
Core settings are then developed to keep the peoples' needs in consideration at all times. These settings must be referenced in respect to their nature and benefits for their continual success. These core settings are what establish the third realm in communities. The three realms are interdependent on one another. As Oldenburg says,
"We need a home even though we may not work, and most of us need to work more than we need to gather with our friends and neighbors" (17). In conclusion, I see this third realm as the author envisions it as the "Great Good Place".